使用非 Python 测试

在 Yaml 文件中指定测试的基本示例

这是一个示例 conftest.py（摘自 Ali Afshar 的特殊用途 pytest-yamlwsgi 插件）。此 conftest.py 将收集 test*.yaml 文件，并将以自定义测试的形式执行 yaml 格式的内容

# content of conftest.py
import pytest


def pytest_collect_file(parent, file_path):
    if file_path.suffix == ".yaml" and file_path.name.startswith("test"):
        return YamlFile.from_parent(parent, path=file_path)


class YamlFile(pytest.File):
    def collect(self):
        # We need a yaml parser, e.g. PyYAML.
        import yaml

        raw = yaml.safe_load(self.path.open(encoding="utf-8"))
        for name, spec in sorted(raw.items()):
            yield YamlItem.from_parent(self, name=name, spec=spec)


class YamlItem(pytest.Item):
    def __init__(self, *, spec, **kwargs):
        super().__init__(**kwargs)
        self.spec = spec

    def runtest(self):
        for name, value in sorted(self.spec.items()):
            # Some custom test execution (dumb example follows).
            if name != value:
                raise YamlException(self, name, value)

    def repr_failure(self, excinfo):
        """Called when self.runtest() raises an exception."""
        if isinstance(excinfo.value, YamlException):
            return "\n".join(
                [
                    "usecase execution failed",
                    "   spec failed: {1!r}: {2!r}".format(*excinfo.value.args),
                    "   no further details known at this point.",
                ]
            )
        return super().repr_failure(excinfo)

    def reportinfo(self):
        return self.path, 0, f"usecase: {self.name}"


class YamlException(Exception):
    """Custom exception for error reporting."""

你可以创建一个简单的示例文件

# test_simple.yaml
ok:
    sub1: sub1

hello:
    world: world
    some: other

如果你已安装 PyYAML 或兼容的 YAML 解析器，你现在可以执行测试规范

nonpython $ pytest test_simple.yaml
=========================== test session starts ============================
platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-8.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y
rootdir: /home/sweet/project/nonpython
collected 2 items

test_simple.yaml F.                                                  [100%]

================================= FAILURES =================================
______________________________ usecase: hello ______________________________
usecase execution failed
   spec failed: 'some': 'other'
   no further details known at this point.
========================= short test summary info ==========================
FAILED test_simple.yaml::hello
======================= 1 failed, 1 passed in 0.12s ========================

对于通过的 sub1: sub1 检查，你会得到一个点，对于失败的检查，你会得到一个失败。显然，在上面的 conftest.py 中，你将需要对 yaml 值进行更有趣的解释。你可以轻松地编写自己的特定于领域的测试语言。

注意

调用 repr_failure(excinfo) 来表示测试失败。如果你创建自定义收集节点，你可以返回你选择的错误表示字符串。它将作为（红色）字符串进行报告。

使用 reportinfo() 来表示测试位置，在 verbose 模式下报告时也会参考它

nonpython $ pytest -v
=========================== test session starts ============================
platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-8.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y -- $PYTHON_PREFIX/bin/python
cachedir: .pytest_cache
rootdir: /home/sweet/project/nonpython
collecting ... collected 2 items

test_simple.yaml::hello FAILED                                       [ 50%]
test_simple.yaml::ok PASSED                                          [100%]

================================= FAILURES =================================
______________________________ usecase: hello ______________________________
usecase execution failed
   spec failed: 'some': 'other'
   no further details known at this point.
========================= short test summary info ==========================
FAILED test_simple.yaml::hello
======================= 1 failed, 1 passed in 0.12s ========================

在开发自定义测试收集和执行时，查看收集树也很有趣

nonpython $ pytest --collect-only
=========================== test session starts ============================
platform linux -- Python 3.x.y, pytest-8.x.y, pluggy-1.x.y
rootdir: /home/sweet/project/nonpython
collected 2 items

<Package nonpython>
  <YamlFile test_simple.yaml>
    <YamlItem hello>
    <YamlItem ok>

======================== 2 tests collected in 0.12s ========================